Many people go to court without a solicitor. If that’s you, you’re known as a litigant in person. It can feel daunting, but good preparation makes a real difference.
Before the hearing
- Read every court order carefully and write down each deadline in one place.
- Keep your papers organised, in date order, with copies of everything you send and receive.
- Prepare a short summary of what you’re asking the court to decide and why. Keep it to the key points.
- Check the hearing details: date, time, which court, and whether it’s in person, by phone or by video.
- Know your documents. Be ready to point the judge to the right page if you’re referring to evidence.
On the day
- Arrive early so you have time to get through security and find the right room.
- Bring your bundle, your notes and a pen and paper.
- Speak calmly and clearly, and don’t interrupt. You’ll be given the chance to speak.
- If you’re unsure how to address the judge, “Sir” or “Madam” is generally acceptable.
- If you don’t understand something, it’s fine to say so politely and ask for it to be explained.
Where to find support
You don’t have to do everything alone. Depending on your situation, these may help:
- A McKenzie Friend can sit with you in court, take notes and help with your papers, if the court allows it. Read what a McKenzie Friend can and can’t do.
- Support Through Court is a charity that gives free practical help to people facing court without a lawyer.
- Citizens Advice can help you understand your options.
- Advocate is a charity that may be able to find a volunteer barrister for people who can’t afford one.
- GOV.UK has official guidance and forms for many types of court case.
If your matter needs legal advice, speak to a solicitor or another appropriately authorised professional.
How we can help
We help litigants in person with the practical side: court bundles, correspondence, forms and McKenzie Friend support where permitted.
